Recent reforms regarding Education in India

 

Recent educational reforms in India are primarily driven by the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which introduces a new 5+3+3+4 school structure, emphasizes holistic and multidisciplinary learning, promotes early childhood education, integrates vocational training, and encourages the use of mother tongue as a medium of instruction. Other key initiatives include the PM SHRI Schools program to establish model schools, efforts to increase digital and technology integration, and the continuation of schemes like the Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan.

Key Highlights of NEP 2020:

• 5+3+3+4 School Structure:

Replaces the traditional 10+2 system, dividing schooling into foundational, preparatory, middle, and secondary stages, with a focus on developmentally appropriate learning. 

• Early Childhood Education (ECCE):

A significant emphasis is placed on providing quality early childhood education from the age of three. 

• Holistic and Multidisciplinary Education:

Encourages a more flexible curriculum that breaks down the rigid divisions between arts, science, and vocational subjects. 

• Vocational Integration:

Vocational training and internships are introduced starting from Class 6 to provide practical experience and improve employability. 

• Mother Tongue as Medium of Instruction:

Recommends the use of the mother tongue or regional language as the medium of instruction, especially up to Grade 5. 

• Teacher Training:

Focuses on improving teacher training and support structures. 

• Increased Public Investment:

A commitment to increase public investment in education is a core aspect of the policy. 

Other Reforms and Initiatives:

• PM SHRI Schools:

A centrally sponsored scheme launched to develop over 14,500 schools as model institutions implementing the NEP 2020 vision. 

• Digital and Technology Integration:

The education system is increasingly adopting digital tools and technology to enhance learning experiences. 

• Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan:

An overarching program that aims to universalize elementary education and is aligned with the NEP 2020's vision. 

• Foundational Literacy and Numeracy (FLN):

Initiatives are underway to ensure all children achieve basic literacy and numeracy by Grade 3.